Paxillus involutus

Cap	Initially convex, the ochre cap soon becomes centrally depressed, occasionally with a noticeable umbo, and gradually turns chestnut brown. The margin remains inrolled - hence the common name Brown Roll-rim - and usually has a fluted edge. Downy in dry weather, the cap surface is viscid when wet. Caps expand to between 5 and 12 cm when fully mature, and the downy surface becomes smooth when the caps are very old.
Gills	Pale ochre at first, the gills gradually turn brown as the fruiting body ages. Rusty spots appear, and if the gills are bruised they very rapidly turn rusty brown, as has happened with the specimen shown here. The crowded gills are deeply decurrent.
Stipe	8 to 12 mm in diameter and typically 6 to 12 cm long (but nearly always curved), the stem is more or less parallel sided and light ochre at first, becoming chestnut brown with age or if bruised.
Spore print	Sienna.
Odour/taste	Odour not distinctive; taste acidic. Note: the Brown Roll-rim is now known to be a poisonous species and may even be deadly.
Habitat	Under birch and other broad-leaved trees, particularly where the soil is acidic.
Season	July to October.
Occurrence	Frequent.
Similar species	Paxillus atromentosus, commonly referred to as the Velvet Roll-rim, is a somewhat larger species with a velvety cap and a thick short stem covered in dark brown down. It appears on and close to conifer stumps.