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Fraxinus excelsior - Ash

The ash is native to Britain. It is usually one of the last trees to burst into leaf. This silhouette picture was taken on 19th April 1998, when the black buds were just beginning to burst.

Ash tree in early spring

Ash wood is a traditional material for tool handles, tennis rackets and snooker cues; it is also used as firewood because it burns well even when 'green' (freshly cut). Ash was coppiced, often in hedgerows, and evidence in the form of some huge boles with multiple trunks emerging at head height can still be see in parts of Wales.

Ash leaves

The leaves of the ash tree are often among the last to open (and the first to fall if an early frost strikes); the flowers open beforehand, the female flowers being somewhat longer than the male flowers. Both male (inset in the picture below) and female flowers can occur on the same tree, but it is common to find all male and all female trees.

Female and (inset) male ash flowers

Surprisingly, a tree that is all male one year can produce female flowers the next, and similarly a female tree can become male. The female flowers develop into fruits, and because they hang in bunches the fruits of the ask tree are known as 'ash keys'.

Ash keys

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